Cross-Matched Test Check Using Gel Method (Column Agglutination Test)
Ni Putu Yunita Puspitra Sari1*, Raehana Samad2,3, Rachmawati A Muhiddin4
Abstract
Crossmatch test is a test between the donor’s blood and the patient’s blood that is principally done in vitro and must be done before blood transfusion. The crossmatch test is performed to determine whether there is a reaction between the donor’s blood and the patient’s blood to ensure the compatibility of the blood to be transfused to the patient.1 Cross-match test consists of major crossmatch and minor crossmatch. The crossmatch test is necessary to prevent transfusion reactions by ensuring that the patient does not have antibodies that are reactive to antigens on donor erythrocytes and benefit the patient. Test principles are IgG antibodies contained in serum/plasma, when reacted with antigens on the surface of erythrocytes through controlled centrifugation in microtubes containing dextran-acrylamide gel and Coombs serum, agglutination will be formed. Agglutination is also formed due to the presence of anti-IgG (antibodies against IgG) that has been planted on the surface of the gel with IgG serum/donor plasma. If the major matching cross-test mixes the donor erythrocyte suspension with the patient’s serum/plasma, the surface of the donor erythrocytes containing the same antigens as the antibodies in the patient’s serum/plasma will react. If the minor concordance cross-test mixes the patient’s erythrocyte suspension with the donor’s serum/plasma, the surface of the patient’s erythrocytes containing the same antigens as the antibodies in the donor’s serum/plasma will react to form agglutination. The degree of agglutination in the gel method is graded from negative, 1+ to 4+ and mixed-field. Erythrocytes on the surface of the gel are agglutinated erythrocytes, while erythrocytes that settle to the bottom of the gel are non-agglutinated erythrocytes.
Keywords
cross-matched; gel method; column agglutination test
Cite This Article
Sari, N. P. Y. P., Samad, R., Muhiddin, R. A. (2024). Cross-Matched Test Check Using Gel Method (Column Agglutination Test). International Journal of Scientific Advances (IJSCIA), Volume 5| Issue 4: Jul-Aug 2024, Pages 824-827, URL: https://www.ijscia.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/Volume5-Issue4-Jul-Aug-No.653-824-827.pdf
Volume 5 | Issue 4: Jul-Aug 2024
