Nutritional Management of Severe Malnutrition in HIV-TB Co-Infected Patients: A Case Report
Ni Wayan Wildayanti1* , Ni Made Dwi Asti Lestari2, Putu Ayu Sri Saraswati3, Ni Luh Indrawati Lesmana Dewi1, Putu Prithinia Aryani Yasa1, and I. A Ida Astri Latamaosandhi1
Abstract
Background: Malnutrition is a global health issue associated with high rates of mortality and morbidity. Patients suffering from malnutrition are more susceptible to diseases due to compromised immune systems and often face prolonged hospital stays. Chronic infections like Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and Tuberculosis (TB) significantly contribute to malnutrition. Here, we report on the nutritional management of a patient with severe malnutrition due to an HIV-TB co-infection. Case Description: A 21-year-old male patient with HIV-TB infection, currently in the intensive phase of TB treatment, presented in a severely weakened state. Over the past six months, he had experienced a weight loss of approximately 10 kg. Confined to bed, he was unable to perform any activities. His total energy requirements were calculated to be 2300 kcal, including 115 grams of protein, 280 grams of carbohydrates, and 80 grams of fat. After six days of nutritional therapy, the patient showed clinical improvement, with an increase in appetite and a weight gain of 0.8 kg. At a follow-up 41 days later, the patient had gained a total of 2.5 kg and exhibited significant clinical improvement, along with better laboratory results. Conclusion: Tailored nutritional therapy, combined with effective patient education, can significantly improve the clinical condition of patients with HIV-TB co-infection. Proper nutritional management helps to minimize drug side effects, maintain overall health, and prevent complications that could exacerbate the patient’s condition.
Keywords
malnutrition; HIV-TB co-infection; nutritional therapy.
Cite This Article
Wildayanti, N. W., Lestari, N. M. D. A., Saraswati, P. A. S., Dewi, N. L. I. L., Yasa, P. P. A., Latamaosandhi, I. A. I. A. (2024). Nutritional Management of Severe Malnutrition in HIV-TB Co-Infected Patients: A Case Report. International Journal of Scientific Advances (IJSCIA), Volume 5| Issue 4: Jul-Aug 2024, Pages 680-682, URL: https://www.ijscia.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Volume5-Issue4-Jul-Aug-No.635-680-682.pdf
Volume 5 | Issue 4: Jul-Aug 2024
