Optimizing Surgical vs. Non-Surgical Management of Omphalocele in Newborns: Challenges in Resource-Poor Settings vs. American and Canadian Guidelines: A Systematic Review

Nenrot S. Gopep, MBBS¹, Ayman E. Abbas, MBBS², Ngozika G. Obiefuna, MBBS³, Victoria O. Titus, MD⁴, Okelue E. Okobi, MD, MSc⁵

Abstract

Omphalocele represents a significant surgical challenge in developing nations with poor resource settings and has been reported to have higher morbidity and mortality rates. This systematic review’s objective is to evaluate the challenges of surgical versus non-surgical management of omphalocele in newborns in resource-poor settings (developing nations) in comparison to developed nations, particularly the United States and Canada. For this study, a methodology comprising a literature search and review has been utilized. The review entails the search for pertinent literature that focuses on the management of omphalocele in poor resource settings and developing nations. In this review, giant omphalocele has been defined as >5 cm with 50% of the liver being the content of the omphalocele sac. Further, in resource-poor environments, including developing nations, higher rates of neonatal mortality and morbidity due to omphalocele in newborns have been linked to the existence of various related anomalies. However, in developed nations, including the United States and Canada, the development of effective guidelines and advancements in omphalocele management have resulted in improved survival rates and a reduction in mortality and morbidity rates among neonates with omphalocele. However, despite the improvements made in antenatal diagnosis and postnatal management of omphalocele, the general survival rates have remained stagnant at 47.5%. As such, more efforts are necessary to determine the best treatment approaches to improve survival rates and eliminate the various risk factors for mortality.

Keywords

omphalocele; surgical management; newborns; neonatal mortality; survival rates

Cite This Article

Gopep, N. S., MBBS., Abbas, A. E., MBBS., Obiefuna, N. G., MBBS., Titus, V. O., MD., Okobi, O. E., MD, Msc. (2024). Optimizing Surgical vs. Non-Surgical Management of Omphalocele in Newborns: Challenges in Resource-Poor Settings vs. American and Canadian Guidelines: A Systematic Review. International Journal of Scientific Advances (IJSCIA), Volume 5| Issue 5: Sep-Oct 2024, Pages 903-910, URL: https://www.ijscia.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/Volume5-Issue5-Sep-Oct-No.664-903-910.pdf

Volume 5 | Issue 5: Sep-Oct 2024