Smokers with a Duration of >20 Years are at a 3.7 Times Higher Risk and White Cigarette Users are at a 2.4 Times Higher Risk for the Occurrence of Colorectal Cancer at Prof. Dr. I.G.N.G Ngoerah Hospital
Made Agus Praktyasa1*, I Made Mulyawan2, I Wayan Sudarsa3, and I Gede Suwedagatha4
Abstract
Background: Colorectal cancer is one of malignancy that occurs in the colon and rectum. In Indonesia, the number of colorectal cancer patients according to the Indonesian Ministry of Health in 2018 was 15,985 cases in men and 11,787 cases in women. Smoking habits have been established as a risk factor for colorectal cancer. Smoking duration, type of cigarette, and number of cigarettes specifically pose a risk factor for colorectal cancer. This study aims to prove the highest risk factor for the incidence of colorectal cancer as assessed by multivariate testing at the Prof. dr. I.G.N.G. Ngoerah General Hospital. Method: This research is an observational case control study in determining the difference between smokers of white cigarettes and clove cigarettes with a smoking duration of more than 20 years and more than 20 cigarettes per day which are risk factors for colorectal cancer. This research was conducted at Prof. dr. I.G.N.G. Ngoerah General Hospital Denpasar from February 2022 – August 2022. The sample for this study were all Digestive Surgery patients who came for treatment at Prof. dr. I.G.N.G. Ngoerah General Hospital with colorectal disease based on inclusion exclusion criteria. The statistical tests used were univariate, bivariate analysis with the Chi Squared Test and multivariate with multiple logistic regression. Result: Smokers with a duration of more than 20 years (p=0.001), number of cigarettes more than 20 cigarettes per day (p=0.014), and types of white cigarettes (p=0.008) are risk factors for colorectal cancer based on bivariate analysis. Conclusion: Smoking duration >20 years is the highest risk factor for colorectal cancer with an increased risk of 3.7 times higher than smoking duration <20 years.
Keywords
colorectal cancer; duration of smoking; number of cigarettes; types of smoking; risk factors
Cite This Article
Praktyasa, M. A., Mulyawan, I. M., Sudarsa, I. W., Suwedagatha, I. G. (2024). Smokers with a Duration of >20 Years are at a 3.7 Times Higher Risk and White Cigarette Users are at a 2.4 Times Higher Risk for the Occurrence of Colorectal Cancer at Prof. Dr. I.G.N.G Ngoerah Hospital. International Journal of Scientific Advances (IJSCIA), Volume 5| Issue 3: May-Jun 2024, Pages 384-391, URL: https://www.ijscia.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/Volume5-Issue3-May-Jun-No.598-384-391.pdf
Volume 5 | Issue 3: May-Jun 2024
