Quality of Life in Bradycardia Patients: Insights into Short-Term and Long-Term Effects of Permanent Pacemaker Implantation Valiant Ezekiel1, Rerdin Julario2* Abstract Permanent pacemaker implantation has become a pivotal intervention for managing symptomatic bradycardia, significantly improving the quality of life (QoL) in affected patients. This literature review examines and compares short-term